Friday, March 25, 2011

Nietzsche "On the Genealogy of Morals" Preface and First Essay Parts I-II

Nietzsche writes about the origin of our concepts of good and evil. He goes back to his childhood, when he first began questioning the origin of evil and he "gave the honor to God, as was only fair, and made him the father of evil." So he first attributed the cause of evil to God, but after a while he learned to "separate theological prejudice from moral prejudice and ceased to look for the origin of evil behind the world." The more he examined the topic the more it pushed him to believe that good and evil are just social constructions that are meant to shape societal behavior to benefit the ruling class: "Rather it was 'the good' themselves, that is to say, the noble, powerful, high-stationed and high-minded, who felt and established themselves and their actions as good, that is, of the first rank, in contradistinction to all the low, low-minded, common and plebeian." In the following sections he goes on to describe how in many languages the words for good come from words that mean noble or ruling class while words for bad come from words that mean common or simple. I think this is a very good observation. It's obvious that the etymology of these words have connotations that imply "high class" tendencies. I also agree that they play a part in shaping social attitudes. However, Nietzsche sounds identical to the ancient Sophists in defining good and bad.They believed they were purely subjective terms for reasons similar to Nietzsche. I have to be like Socrates and disagree with Nietzsche on this point. I believe that there are things which are intrinsically good and intrinsically evil. That which is beneficial to mankind is good, while that which is harmful is evil. Although my definition is very vague, I can't bring myself to believe that there really is no objective good in the world.

1 comment:

  1. Anthony,

    Excellent job. You state N's point accurately and insightfully, and your critique is well taken.

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